Step-by-Step Guide: Culturing Plasmodium falciparum Strains in the Lab

 

Culturing Plasmodium falciparum Strains in the Lab 

Culturing Plasmodium falciparum in the lab is a critical process for malaria research. This article provides the instructions for culturing laboratory strains of Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest species of malaria parasite.
The cells are typically cultured in vitro using human erythrocytes (red blood cells, RBCs). The culture system requires precise control of environmental conditions, including temperature, gas composition, and nutrient availability.
For a detailed walkthrough of this protocol, check out my YouTube video embedded below!  

Click to watch my video on culturing P. falciparum strains!

Disclaimer 

Culturing Plasmodium falciparum is a highly specialized technique that requires extensive training, biosafety level 2 or 3 containment, and access to specialised equipment.
Culturing Plasmodium parasites, including Plasmodium falciparum, requires strict adherence to safety precautions due to the risks associated with handling pathogens and human blood products. Key safety measures include:

1. Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2) Facilities: Labs must operate under BSL-2 conditions when working with Plasmodium cultures. This includes the use of biological safety cabinets for procedures that generate aerosols, proper ventilation, and restricted access to the laboratory to limit exposure.
2. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):  Laboratory personnel should wear gloves, lab coats and eye protection. additional protective measures, such as face shield, may be necessary when handling cryopreserved samples or during procedures involving liquid nitrogen.
3. Handling of Human Blood: Since human red blood cells are used in the culture medium, there is a risk of transmitting bloodborne pathogens. All blood samples should be treated as potentially infectious, sourced from accredited suppliers, and screened for pathogens like HIV and hepatitis.
4. Decontamination Procedures: Spills, waste, and contaminated materials should be decontaminated using appropriate disinfectants, such as 10% bleach or autoclaving. Waste disposal must follow regulatory guidelines for biohazardous materials.
5. Cryopreservation Risks: When thawing cryopreserved Plasmodium samples, handle under sterile conditions to prevent cross-contamination.
6. Aerosol Generation Control: Manipulations that could generate aerosols should be minimised, as they pose a risk of infection. Procedures such as centrifugation must use sealed rotors or safety cups to contain aerosols.
7. Training and Documentation: Personnel must be trained in handling infectious agents and in emergency protocols. Laboratory procedures should be well-documented, and safety data sheets for all chemicals used must be readily accessible.